The scale-up of HIV treatment and prevention programs has led to remarkable declines in orphanhood rates in Rakai, Uganda, according to a new study at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. Antiretroviral therapy availability has been the primary driver of these improvements, underscoring the critical importance of sustained investment in HIV programs. Findings from the study, “Incidence and prevalence of orphanhood in Rakai, Uganda: a population-based cohort study, 1995–2022” are published in The Lancet Global Health.
Using data from the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS), one of the largest community cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa, the research tracked 92,441 children and adolescents under age 18 years in 28 continuously surveyed communities from 1995 to 2022 to advance understanding of orphanhood trends in the context of evolving HIV programs.
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