AIDS 2026 heard about two more cases of HIV remission in people who had received stem cell transplants for leukaemia. These procedures had also cured their HIV, apparently by replacing all the cells in their body capable of producing HIV with non-infected cells.
Like most other stem-cell recipients in cure cases, they received cells from donors that happened to lack the CCR5 co-receptor.
There have, however, been three cases where a cure has been achieved using cells from donors that do have CCR5.
If it is not essential to use cells from CCR5-negative donors, this would be one step to making this form of cure more practicable (though it would still only be on offer to people who need stem-cell transplants, a risky and expensive procedure).
It is still not completely understood, however, how uninfected donor cells come to replace recipient cells containing HIV. At AIDS 2026, researchers presented a possible method for blockading the CCR5 receptor on donor cells to give time for them to replace recipient cells without becoming infected themselves.
Source : aidsmap
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