HIV criminalisation is increasing again after several years of decline, with prosecutions continuing to ignore established scientific evidence and disproportionately targeting already marginalised communities. The analysis examined 115 database entries covering 150 reported HIV criminalisation cases documented between 1 June 2025 and 15 June 2026, concluding that these findings reflect not only failures to apply contemporary HIV science but also a broader global resurgence of anti-science and anti-rights politics.
Healthcare should be a place of care, trust and confidentiality. New research showed that, in many countries, routine interactions with healthcare providers and public health systems instead become the starting point for criminal investigations against people living with HIV. The study examined how healthcare systems contribute to HIV criminalisation and identifies practical reforms that can better protect both public health and human rights.
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